安装环境：

 linux系统：CentOS 7.9.2009 64bit
php版本：php-7.4.19
nginx版本：nginx-1.20.0 stable version  

什么是php扩展？
就是php核心并不支持的功能，通过扩展的方式进行扩展PHP的功能。

有哪些常见的扩展呢？
像GD库，mysql，json，sqlite3等库，还有OPcache，PCRE，PDO等，这些扩展库是绑定在 PHP 发行包中的，所以这些只要–enable或–with启用就可以了，而我们现在要说的是须额外编译安装的扩展。

1、redis扩展

下载地址：

 # wget 
# tar xf redis-5.3.4.tgz
# cd redis-5.3.4
# /usr/local/php/bin/phpize
Configuring for:
PHP Api Version:         20190902
Zend Module Api No:      20190902
Zend Extension Api No:   320190902

# ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
# make && make install  

安装成功后的提示信息：

Libraries have been installed in:

/root/redis-5.3.4/modules
If you ever happen to want to link against installed libraries
in a given directory, LIBDIR, you must either use libtool, and
specify the full pathname of the library, or use the `-LLIBDIR’
flag during linking and do at least one of the following:
– add LIBDIR to the `LD_LIBRARY_PATH’ environment variable
during execution
– add LIBDIR to the `LD_RUN_PATH’ environment variable
during linking
– use the `-Wl,–rpath -Wl,LIBDIR’ linker flag
– have your system administrator add LIBDIR to `/etc/ld.so.conf’
See any operating system documentation about shared libraries for
more information, such as the ld(1) and ld.so(8) manual pages.

———————————————————————-
Build complete.
Don’t forget to run ‘make test’.
Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/

可以查看到扩展目录下多了 redis.so

 # ls /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902
opcache.a  opcache.so  redis.so  

把扩展添加到php配置文件中：

 # vim /etc/php.ini
extension=redis.so

重启php-fpm
# systemctl restart php-fpm  

可以在站点目录下创建一个phpinfo.php的页面

 <?php
phpinfo();
?>  

查看安装的扩展成功与否，访问，能够查找到redis的信息则说明已经安装上了。

redis extension

2、swoole扩展

安装前必须保证系统已经安装了下列软件 php-7.0 或更高版本 gcc-4.8 或更高版本 make autoconf pcre (CentOS系统可以执行命令：yum install pcre-devel)

下载地址：

 # wget 
# tar xf swoole-4.6.7.tgz
# cd swoole-4.6.7

# /usr/local/php/bin/phpize
Configuring for:
PHP Api Version:         20190902
Zend Module Api No:      20190902
Zend Extension Api No:   320190902

# ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
# make && make install  

安装成功后的提示信息：

Libraries have been installed in:

/root/swoole-4.6.7/modules
If you ever happen to want to link against installed libraries
in a given directory, LIBDIR, you must either use libtool, and
specify the full pathname of the library, or use the `-LLIBDIR’
flag during linking and do at least one of the following:
– add LIBDIR to the `LD_LIBRARY_PATH’ environment variable
during execution
– add LIBDIR to the `LD_RUN_PATH’ environment variable
during linking
– use the `-Wl,–rpath -Wl,LIBDIR’ linker flag
– have your system administrator add LIBDIR to `/etc/ld.so.conf’
See any operating system documentation about shared libraries for
more information, such as the ld(1) and ld.so(8) manual pages.

———————————————————————-
Build complete.
Don’t forget to run ‘make test’.
Installing shared extensions: /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20190902/
Installing header files: /usr/local/php/include/php/

同样的把扩展添加到php配置文件中，重启php-fpm服务：

 # vim /etc/php.ini
extension=swoole.so

重启php-fpm
# systemctl restart php-fpm  

确认扩展安装情况：

swoole extension

还有其他的扩展安装，也是按这个方法来，大家应该都能举一反三了吧。