场景
在业务中有时会碰到延迟操作，如下单后半小时未支付则取消订单、下单后十五分钟未支付则发短信提醒等等。那这样的需求如何去实现呢。
实现方式
- 第一个简单的方式就是用一个后台进程死循环去查订单，根据下单时间去做不同的操作
- 第二种就是使用消息队列的定时消息，下单之后发送定时消息，不同的定时队列去处理不同的逻辑
- 第三种可以使用框架提供的一些既有功能去做
实现代码
我们以订单创建15分钟后未支付，给用户发送邮件为场景进行学习
准备工作：
- 简单的订单表：order
- 各种需要的composer包
- rabbitMq本地服务
- 开通阿里云RocketMq服务
- 代码逻辑很简单就直接死循环就行了
- 启动这个脚本进程，可以用supervisor配置
- 部分代码
//创建订单的逻辑
/**
* 随机创建订单
*/$order = [
'order_number' => mt_rand(100,10000).date("YmdHis"),
'user_id' => mt_rand(1, 100),
'order_amount' => mt_rand(100, 1000),
];
/**@var $manager Illuminate\Database\Capsule\Manager **/$conn = $manager;
$insertResult = $conn::table("order")
->insert($order);
print_r($insertResult);
// 处理逻辑
while(true) {
// 未支付订单列表
$orderList = $conn::table("order")
->where("created_time", '<=', date("Y-m-d H:i:s", strtotime("-15 minutes")))
->where('sended_need_pay_notify', '=', 2)
->where('status', '=', 1)
->select(['user_id', 'id'])
->orderBy("id", 'asc')
->get();
$orderList = json_decode(json_encode($orderList), true);
foreach ($orderList as $orderInfo) {
sendEmail($orderInfo['user_id']);
$conn::table('order')
->where('id', '=', $orderInfo['id'])
->update(['sended_need_pay_notify' => 1]);
logs("update-success-orderId-". $orderInfo['id']."-userId-".$orderInfo['user_id']);
}
sleep(10);
}
执行处理脚本
gaoz@nobodyMBP delay_mq_demo % php first_while_handler.php
send email to 73 success ...
2020-06-24 11:37:36:update-success-orderId-3-userId-73
这种方式吧实现简单，但是不优雅，同时大批量订单产生也会遇到问题。
- 比如使用阿里云的MQ服务，目前rocketMq与rabbitMq版本支持延迟消息，但是rabbit的延时消息收费太高了
- 这里先使用rocketMq的延迟消息去实现
- 需要开通阿里云的服务
// 创建订单的逻辑
try
{
/**
* 随机创建订单
*/ $order = [
'order_number' => mt_rand(100,10000).date("YmdHis"),
'user_id' => mt_rand(1, 100),
'order_amount' => mt_rand(100, 1000),
];
/**@var $manager Illuminate\Database\Capsule\Manager **/ $conn = $manager;
$insertId = $conn::table("order")
->insertGetId($order);
$body = json_encode(['order_id' => $insertId, 'created_time' => date("Y-m-d H:i:s")]);
$publishMessage = new TopicMessage(
$body
);
// 设置消息KEY
$publishMessage->setMessageKey("MessageKey");
// 定时消息, 定时时间为3分钟后
$publishMessage->setStartDeliverTime(time() * 1000 + 3 * 60 * 1000);
$result = $this->producer->publishMessage($publishMessage);
print "Send mq message success. msgId is:" . $result->getMessageId() . ", bodyMD5 is:" . $result->getMessageBodyMD5() . "\n";
} catch (\Exception $e) {
print_r($e->getMessage() . "\n");
}
// 消费逻辑 同样是在消费者中处理
foreach ($messages as $message) {
$receiptHandles[] = $message->getReceiptHandle();
$messageBody = $message->getMessageBody();
$orderInfo = json_decode($messageBody, true);
if (!empty($orderInfo['order_id'])) {
$orderId = $orderInfo['order_id'];
/**@var $manager Illuminate\Database\Capsule\Manager * */ $conn = $manager;
$orderInfo = $conn::table("order")
->select(['id', 'user_id'])
->where('id', '=', $orderId)
->where('status', '=', 1)
->first();
if (!empty($orderInfo)) {
$orderInfo = json_decode(json_encode($orderInfo), true);
sendEmail($orderInfo['user_id']);
$conn::table('order')
->where('id', '=', $orderInfo['id'])
->update(['sended_need_pay_notify' => 1]);
logs("update-success-orderId-" . $orderInfo['id'] . "-userId-" . $orderInfo['user_id']);
}
}
}
启动生产一条消息
gaoz@nobodyMBP delay_mq_demo % php rocket_mq_handler_producer.php
Send mq message success. msgId is:76CF2135696C3D4EAC698A9FA1E1879D, bodyMD5 is:63448B50AA7B8AF47B07AA7CE807E3D3
gaoz@nobodyMBP delay_mq_demo %
启动消费者慢慢等待
gaoz@nobodyMBP delay_mq_demo % php rocket_mq_handler_consumer.php
No message, contine long polling!RequestId:5EF752583441411C74869BA9
No message, contine long polling!RequestId:5EF7525B3441411C74869FE2
No message, contine long polling!RequestId:5EF7525E3441411C7486A42C
No message, contine long polling!RequestId:5EF752613441411C7486A7D9
consume finish, messages:
send email to 95 success ...
2020-06-27 12:08:05:update-success-orderId-8-userId-95
Array
(
[0] => 76CF2135696C3D4EAC698A9FA1E1879D-MCAxNTkzMjY2NzkxNDM5IDMwMDAwMCAzIDAgYmpzaGFyZTUtMDggNSAw
)
ack
这种方式有现有的服务可以使用，减少开发时间
- 查阅文档没有找到rabbitMq支持延迟队列的原生功能，但是可以通过消息的ttl+死信队列实现
- 私信队列就是用来存放没有被消费或者消费失败等消息的队列
- 当设置消息的有效期内没有被消费消息就会被转发到死信队列
- 通过设置消息的有效期实现延时功能
// 生产者
$exchange = 'order15min_notify_exchange';
$queue = 'order15minx_notify_queue';
$dlxExchange = "dlx_order15min_exchange";
$dlxQueue = "dlx_order15min_queue";
$connection = new AMQPStreamConnection(getenv('RABBIT_HOST'), getenv('RABBIT_PORT'), getenv("RABBIT_USER"), getenv("RABBIT_PASS"), getenv("RABBIT_VHOST"));
$channel = $connection->channel();
$channel->exchange_declare($exchange, AMQPExchangeType::DIRECT, false, true, false);
$channel->exchange_declare($dlxExchange, AMQPExchangeType::DIRECT, false, true, false);
// 设置队列的过期时间
// 正常队列
$table = new \PhpAmqpLib\Wire\AMQPTable();
// 消息有效期
$table->set('x-message-ttl', 3*60*1000);
$table->set("x-dead-letter-exchange", $dlxExchange);
$channel->queue_declare($queue, false, true, false, false, false, $table);
$channel->queue_bind($queue, $exchange);
// 死信队列
$channel->queue_declare($dlxQueue, false, true, false, false, false);
$channel->queue_bind($dlxQueue, $dlxExchange);
/**
* 随机创建订单
*/$order = [
'order_number' => mt_rand(100,10000).date("YmdHis"),
'user_id' => mt_rand(1, 100),
'order_amount' => mt_rand(100, 1000),
];
/**@var $manager Illuminate\Database\Capsule\Manager **/$conn = $manager;
$insertId = $conn::table("order")
->insertGetId($order);
$messageBody = json_encode(['order_id' => $insertId, 'created_time' => date("Y-m-d H:i:s")]);
$message = new AMQPMessage($messageBody, array('content_type' => 'text/plain', 'delivery_mode' => AMQPMessage::DELIVERY_MODE_PERSISTENT));
$channel->basic_publish($message, $exchange);
// 消费者
$dlxExchange = "dlx_order15min_exchange";
$dlxQueue = "dlx_order15min_queue";
$connection = new AMQPStreamConnection(getenv('RABBIT_HOST'), getenv('RABBIT_PORT'), getenv("RABBIT_USER"), getenv("RABBIT_PASS"), getenv("RABBIT_VHOST"));
$channel = $connection->channel();
$channel->queue_declare($dlxQueue, false, true, false, false);
$channel->exchange_declare($dlxExchange, AMQPExchangeType::DIRECT, false, true, false);
$channel->queue_bind($dlxQueue, $dlxExchange);
/**
* @param \PhpAmqpLib\Message\AMQPMessage $message
*/function process_message($message)
{
echo "\n--------\n";
echo $message->body;
echo "\n--------\n";
$orderInfo = json_decode($message->body, true);
if (!empty($orderInfo['order_id'])) {
$orderId = $orderInfo['order_id'];
/**@var $conn Illuminate\Database\Capsule\Manager * */ $conn = getdb();
$orderInfo = $conn::table("order")
->select(['id', 'user_id'])
->where('id', '=', $orderId)
->where('status', '=', 1)
->first();
if (!empty($orderInfo)) {
$orderInfo = json_decode(json_encode($orderInfo), true);
sendEmail($orderInfo['user_id']);
$conn::table('order')
->where('id', '=', $orderInfo['id'])
->update(['sended_need_pay_notify' => 1]);
logs("update-success-orderId-" . $orderInfo['id'] . "-userId-" . $orderInfo['user_id']);
}
}
$message->delivery_info['channel']->basic_ack(
$message->delivery_info['delivery_tag']);
}
$channel->basic_consume($dlxQueue, $consumerTag, false, false, false, false, 'process_message');
gaoz@nobodyMBP delay_mq_demo % php rabbit_mq_handler_consumer.php
--------
{"order_id":7,"created_time":"2020-06-27 11:50:08"}
--------
send email to 2 success ...
2020-06-27 11:56:55:update-success-orderId-7-userId-2
分别启动消费者、生产者就可以了，这里面消息的流转可以看到
消息先进入到正常队列，过期后进入了死信队列而被消费
- 使用laravel自带的Queue去实现
- 这里没有整理详细代码，后面更新出来
- 可以查看官方文档
代码示例：
参考资料
- RocketMQ：
- RabbitMq实战
