群机器人是钉钉群的高级扩展功能。群机器人可以将第三方服务的信息聚合到群聊中，实现自动化的信息同步。目前，大部分机器人在添加后，还需要进行Webhook配置，才可正常使用(配置说明详见操作流程中的帮助链接)。
例如：
- 通过聚合GitHub， GitLab 等 源码 管理服务，实现源码更新同步。
- 通过聚合Trello，JIRA等项目协调服务，实现项目信息同步。
- 群机器人支持Webhook协议的自定义接入。例如：你可将运维报警通过自定义机器人聚合到钉钉群实现提醒功能。
这里我们采用最后一种来实现
2 机器人发送消息频率限制
消息发送太频繁会严重影响群成员的使用体验，大量发消息的场景（譬如系统监控报警）可以将这些信息进行整合，通过 markdown 消息以摘要的形式发送到群里。
每个机器人每分钟最多发送20条。如果超过20条，会限流10分钟。
3 PC客户端配置入口
登录钉钉PC客户端(请升级至最新版)，操作入口：
窗口右上角点击【头像】，进入”机器人管理“， 可对所有机器人进行统一管理。
进入一个钉钉群，在群的顶部功能栏中，点击【群设置】，进入菜单可以看到【群机器人】的入口，点击进入“群机器人”的管理面板后，可以进行添加、编辑和删除群机器人的操作。
我们这里使用最后一个webhook
4 获取自定义机器人webhook
步骤一 ，在机器人管理页面选择“自定义”机器人，输入机器人名字并选择要发送消息的群。如果需要的话，可以为机器人设置一个头像。点击“完成添加”，完成后会生成Hook 地址 ，如下图：
步骤二 ，点击“复制”按钮，即可获得这个机器人对应的Webhook地址，其格式如下：
5 使用自定义机器人
- 获取到Webhook地址后，用户可以向这个地址发起HTTP POST 请求，即可实现给该钉钉群发送消息。注意，发起POST请求时，必须将字符集编码设置成UTF-8。
- 当前自定义机器人支持文本 (text)、链接 (link)、markdown(markdown)、ActionCard、FeedCard消息类型，大家可以根据自己的使用场景选择合适的消息类型，达到最好的展示样式。
- 自定义机器人发送消息时，可以通过手机号码指定“被@人列表”。在“被@人列表”里面的人员收到该消息时，会有@消息提醒(免打扰会话仍然通知提醒，首屏出现“有人@你”)。
- 当前机器人尚不支持应答机制 (该机制指的是群里成员在聊天@机器人的时候，钉钉回调指定的服务地址，即Outgoing机器人)。
6 php 实现代码
<?php
/**
* php 使用钉钉机器人发送消息.
* User: Administrator
* Date: 2019/8/29
* Time: 23:40
*/
function request_by_curl($remote_server, $post_string)
{
$ ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $remote_server);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT, 5);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array('Content-Type: application/json;charset=utf-8'));
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $post_string);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
// 不用开启curl证书验证
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0);
$data = curl_exec($ch);
//$info = curl_getinfo($ch);
//var_dump($info);
curl_close($ch);
return $data;
}
$webhook = "";
// text类型
$textString = json_encode([
'msgtype' => 'text',
'text' => [
"content" => "我就是我, 是不一样的烟火@156xxxx8827"
],
'at' => [
'atMobiles' => [
"156xxxx8827",
"189xxxx8325"
],
'isAtAll' => false
]
]);
// link类型
$textString = json_encode([
"msgtype" => "link",
"link" => [
"text" => "这个即将发布的新版本，创始人陈航（花名“无招”）称它为“红树林”。
而在此之前，每当面临重大升级，产品经理们都会取一个应景的代号，这一次，为什么是“红树林”？",
"title" => "时代的火车向前开",
"picUrl" => "",
"messageUrl" => "",
]
]);
// markdown类型
$textString = json_encode([
"msgtype" => "markdown",
"markdown" => [
"title" => "杭州天气",
"text" => "#### 杭州天气 @156xxxx8827n" .
"> 9度，西北风1级，空气良89，相对温度73%nn" .
"> ![screenshot](" .
"> ###### 10点20分发布 [天气]( n"
],
"at" => [
"atMobiles" => [
"156xxxx8827",
"189xxxx8325"
],
"isAtAll" => false
]
]);
// 整体跳转ActionCard类型
$textString = json_encode([
"actionCard" => [
"title" => "乔布斯 20 年前想打造一间苹果咖啡厅，而它正是 Apple Store 的前身",
"text" => "
### 乔布斯 20 年前想打造的苹果咖啡厅
Apple Store 的设计正从原来满满的科技感走向生活化，而其生活化的走向其实可以追溯到 20 年前苹果一个建立咖啡馆的计划",
"hideAvatar" => "0",
"btnOrientation" => "0",
"singleTitle" => "阅读全文",
"singleURL" => ""
],
"msgtype" => "actionCard"
]);
// 独立跳转ActionCard类型
$textString = json_encode([
"actionCard" => [
"title" => "乔布斯 20 年前想打造一间苹果咖啡厅，而它正是 Apple Store 的前身",
"text" => "
### 乔布斯 20 年前想打造的苹果咖啡厅
Apple Store 的设计正从原来满满的科技感走向生活化，而其生活化的走向其实可以追溯到 20 年前苹果一个建立咖啡馆的计划",
"hideAvatar" => "0",
"btnOrientation" => "0",
"btns" => [
[
"title" => "内容不错",
"actionURL" => ""
],
[
"title" => "不感兴趣",
"actionURL" => ""
]
]
],
"msgtype" => "actionCard"
]);
// FeedCard类型
$textString = json_encode([
"feedCard" => [
"links" => [
[
"title" => "时代的火车向前开1",
"messageURL" => "",
"picURL" => ""
],
[
"title" => "时代的火车向前开2",
"messageURL" => "",
"picURL" => ""
]
]
],
"msgtype" => "feedCard"
]);
$result = request_by_curl($webhook, $textString);
echo $result;
> 最终效果
字段格式和含义请参考官方:
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