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golang从入门到精通，Gin Web开发，多模板继承详解

智云科技发布于 2022年7月19日评论(38)阅读(525)
golang从入门到精通，Gin Web开发，多模板继承详解

在使用Golang Gin框架的时候，当不做前后端分离的时候，多模板渲染就显得尤为重要。

Gin默认的渲染模板是采用单模板模式，从这一点来说，很不方便，毕竟Gin项目通常是前后端分离的，而Gin主要做的是后端。

也不是说没有 多模板继承 的需求，网上找到的资料基本都是复制粘贴的，可操作性太差，没有进行详解。

下面我们一起学习下Gin的多模板继承，在这里我们使用到了一个block，这一点应该说是比较有实用价值的。

1、前言 

 "github.com/gin-contrib/multitemplate"

这个模块针对多模板使用，当然也能完成单模板的效果。

2、目录结构 

 E:.
│  example.go
│
└─templates
    ├─admin
    │      index.html
    │      users.html
    │
    ├─base
    │      admin.html
    │      users.html
    │
    └─users
            admin.html
            index.html

3、模板文件

golang从入门到精通，Gin Web开发，多模板继承详解

admin文件夹下的源码

golang从入门到精通，Gin Web开发，多模板继承详解

users文件夹下的源码

golang从入门到精通，Gin Web开发，多模板继承详解

base文件夹下的源码

（1）admin文件夹存放的是前台展示的源码，继承base文件夹下的admin.html模板。

（2）users文件夹存放的是前台展示的源码，继承base文件夹下的users.html模板。

（3）base文件夹存放的是前台展示的源码，供admin文件夹和users文件夹继承使用。

在base文件夹的模板文件中，定义了一个{{block “body” .}} {{end}}，这个位置就是填坑的位置。

4、主程序（由于源码较多，贴图可能看不清，因此直接写源码）

golang从入门到精通，Gin Web开发，多模板继承详解

主程序源码 

 package main

import (
//引入multitemplate包，使得能够支持多模板功能
"github.com/gin-contrib/multitemplate"
"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
"log"
)

func createMyRender() multitemplate.Renderer {
//func NewRenderer() Renderer
//NewRenderer allows create an agnostic multitemplate renderer depending on enabled gin mode
//multitemplate.NewRenderer()创建1个新的渲染器
r := multitemplate.NewRenderer()
//func (Renderer) AddFromFiles(name string, files ...string) *template.Template
//r.AddFromFiles()将从文件添加模板，有至少2个参数，name类型是string，是模板的名字，files是可变参数的string类型的参数
//这里需要说明下[]string和...string的区别：[]string 是字符串切片，...string用作参数，
//参数files需要写上需要解析的文件名，以最后一个文件名为主，其他的可作为被继承的模板使用，这个位置的顺序一定不能错。
r.AddFromFiles("users_index", "templates/base/users.html", "templates/users/index.html")
//这行解释一下，增加了1个名字为users_index的模板，渲染了"templates/base/users.html", "templates/users/index.html"两个文件
//在本示例中，其中"templates/base/users.html"作为了被继承的文件，"templates/users/index.html"作为前台文件
//users_index需要和c.HTML(200, "users_index", gin.H{})中的第二个参数relativePath匹配的
r.AddFromFiles("users_admin", "templates/base/users.html", "templates/users/admin.html")
r.AddFromFiles("admin_index", "templates/base/admin.html", "templates/admin/index.html")
r.AddFromFiles("admin_users", "templates/base/admin.html", "templates/admin/users.html")
//讲渲染器返回
return r
}

func main() {
app := gin.Default()
//将createMyRender()生成的渲染器加载到HTMLRender中，
//HTMLRender接口实现了HTMLProduction和HTMLDebug。
//HTMLProduction：包含模板引用。
//HTMLDebug包含模板和文件列表函数。
app.HTMLRender = createMyRender()
//func (group *RouterGroup) GET(relativePath string, handlers ...HandlerFunc) IRoutes
//在接收GET POST PUT DELETE请求的时候，需要指定2个参数，
//第一个参数：请求的地址，URI
//第二个参数：处理的函数，这里写的匿名函数
app.GET("/users_index", func(c *gin.Context) {
//进行渲染HTML页面。有三个参数
//func (c *Context) HTML(code int, name string, obj interface{})
//第一个参数：状态码，可以是数字，也可以是状态码常量
//第二个参数：接收的模板名，注意：是模板名，并不是文件名，虽然通常文件名就是模板名，但是应该引起重视。
//第三个参数：传递给模板的参数，gin.H是map[string]interface{}的简写，实际上就是一个字典
c.HTML(200, "users_index", gin.H{
"title": "users_index",
})
})
app.GET("/users_admin", func(c *gin.Context) {
c.HTML(200, "users_admin", gin.H{
"title": "users_admin",
})
})

app.GET("/admin_index", func(c *gin.Context) {
c.HTML(200, "admin_index", gin.H{
"title": "admin_index",
})
})
app.GET("/admin_users", func(c *gin.Context) {
c.HTML(200, "admin_users", gin.H{
"title": "admin_users",
})
})

if err := app.Run("127.0.0.1:80"); err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
}

如果你需要，可以留言，发你打包源码，方便学习理解！

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文章来源：智云一二三科技

文章标题：golang从入门到精通，Gin Web开发，多模板继承详解

文章地址：https://www.zhihuclub.com/87096.shtml

关于作者: 智云科技

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