(原文作者:Arnesh Agrawal)
Markus Spiske在Unsplash上拍摄的照片
为什么是Beego？
Beego是一个RESTful HTTP框架，用于在Golang中开发Web应用程序和API，并遵循Model-View-Controller（MVC）体系结构。它支持用Swagger来自动生成文档，这使我们的工作更加轻松。
在本文中，我将讨论Beego框架的基础知识以及Swagger如何在文档中为我们提供帮助。
先决条件
- 进入设置（遵循此）
- Beego安装（遵循此）
让我们开始吧
假设您已经成功设置了Go and Beego，就该开始了！
首先，我希望您在终端中运行一个简单的命令。
bee
这应该输出类似：
如果您的输出与此匹配，则表明您已成功设置了此项目所需的所有内容。如果不是，请继续解决该问题。
让我们为本教程创建一个新的API，将其命名为test_api
bee api test_api
该命令将创建一个目录“ test_api”，其中包含以下文件夹和文件：
-conf
-controllers
-main.go
-models
-routers
-tests
简而言之，路由器是指定端点的地方(，控制器是API的大脑，模型是用于控制器所需的数据处理的地方，而conf是用于存储凭据和有关API的其他信息的配置文件。
默认情况下，我们已经在routers目录的router.go文件中创建了“用户”和“对象”端点。
func init() {
ns := beego.NewNamespace("/v1",
beego.NSNamespace("/object",
beego.NSInclude(
&controllers.ObjectController{},
),
),
beego.NSNamespace("/user",
beego.NSInclude(
&controllers.UserController{},
),
),
beego.NSNamespace("/test",
beego.NSInclude(
&controllers.TestController{},
),
),
)
beego.AddNamespace(ns)
}
(
此代码段指定端点 v1/object 由处理 ObjectController 。我已经 test 按照本教程的类似规范创建了一个端点。现在，我们可以在这里忽略所有其他关键字，而只关注端点和处理端点的控制器。
每当对 v1/test 端点执行调用时，都会执行内部的逻辑 TestController 。
现在，我们需要制作两个新文件：控制器中的test.go和模型中的test.go。
控制器中的test.go基本上是 TestController ，模型的文件是此特定控制器的模型。
package controllers
import (
"test_api/models"
"github.com/astaxie/beego"
)
type TestController struct {
beego.Controller
}
// @Title TestEndpoint
// @Description Tests the API
// @Success 200 {object} models.Test
// @Failure 403 body is empty
// @router /hello [get]
func (t *TestController) Test() {
Response := models.TestFunction()
t.Data["json"] = Response
t.ServeJSON()
}
(
每个控制器的布局都是相同的，因此我们实际上可以在此处使用用户控制器的代码，并根据需要对其进行修改。关于函数 Test() ，只要执行此函数， Response 变量就会 TestFunction 在模型中调用该函数并存储接收到的数据。然后，控制器将数据编码为JSON形式并返回。
这很简单
但是在这里更重要的是要理解之前的评论 TestFunction 。
这些注释实际上在API和文档中起作用。
这些评论 @Title 和 @Description 是自描述它们的功能和使用是对文件的。
@Success 并分别 @Failure 指示对端点执行成功和失败的响应。这些注释后的整数表示响应代码，这些整数后的值表示返回类型。这些注释也用于文档。
最后一条评论 @Router 暗示了端点将是什么及其功能。 /hello 后 @Router 是在router.go中指定的初始端点之外的功能，即在 Test 需要端点时执行该功能 v1/test/hello 。 [get] 表示HTTP请求是GET请求。在此处
了解有关HTTP请求的更多信息。可以得到有关在Beego框架这样的评论的详细解释在这里。
进入模型的代码：
package models
import (
)
type Test struct {
Response string
}
func TestFunction() Test {
var test_var Test
test_var.Response = "Hello World"
return test_var
}
(
功能 TestFunction ，具有返回类型结构 Test ，是由控制器调用。它为该结构创建一个新变量，分配 Response 为“ Hello World”并返回该结构。
所有数据处理和修改都应在此处执行。
恭喜你 ！我们已经完成了本教程的API编码。现在是时候测试我们的API并生成一些文档了。
bee run
在目录中使用此命令 test_api 来运行我们的本地服务器以测试我们的端点。现在，打开浏览器并输入：
输出应为：
{
"Response": "Hello World"
}
终端运行我们的本地服务器
现在开始自动生成文档，结束服务器的会话并使用以下命令：
bee run -gendoc=true -downdoc=true
现在，转到浏览器并输入：
这是我们API的自动生成的文档。我们可以查看端点的文档。
测试端点(endpoint)的文档
瞧！本教程到此结束。我希望您从中学到了一些有价值的东西。我在下面发布了一些重要链接，以帮助您更好地开发Beego。
链接
- （要学习Golang的基础知识）
- （Beego文档）
- （Golang文档）
- （开发API的良好做法）
PS-除非另有说明，否则我要求拥有本博客文章中使用的所有图片和代码段的所有权利。
谢谢你！
原文地址:
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