Go语言实现RPC

rpc 定义，来源于百度百科

RPC（Remote Procedure Call）—远程过程调用，它是一种通过网络从远程计算机程序上请求服务，而不需要了解底层网络技术的协议。RPC协议假定某些传输协议的存在，如 TCP 或UDP，为通信程序之间携带信息数据。在OSI网络通信模型中，RPC跨越了传输层和应用层。RPC使得开发包括网络分布式多程序在内的应用程序更加容易。
RPC采用客户机 /服务器模式。请求程序就是一个客户机，而服务提供程序就是一个服务器。首先，客户机调用进程发送一个有进程参数的调用信息到服务进程，然后等待应答信息。在服务器端，进程保持睡眠状态直到调用信息到达为止。当一个调用信息到达，服务器获得进程参数，计算结果，发送答复信息，然后等待下一个调用信息，最后，客户端调用进程接收答复信息，获得进程结果，然后调用执行继续进行。
有多种 RPC模式和执行。最初由 Sun 公司提出。IETF ONC 宪章重新修订了 Sun 版本，使得 ONC RPC 协议成为 IETF 标准协议。现在使用最普遍的模式和执行是开放式软件基础的分布式计算环境（DCE）。
个人的理解：不用管什么底层网络技术的协议，是一种通过网络从计算机程序上请求服务，通俗一点，我们写代码，要在一个地方，比如安卓，就需要在一个工程里面，才可以调用到其他的程序代码执行的过程。Go语言提供RPC支持使得开发网络分布式多程序在内的应用程序更加的easy

RPC工作流程图

图片来源于gitHub

1.调用客户端句柄；执行传送参数
2.调用本地系统内核发送网络消息
3.消息传送到远程主机
4.服务器句柄得到消息并取得参数
5.执行远程过程
6.执行的过程将结果返回服务器句柄
7.服务器句柄返回结果，调用远程系统内核
8.消息传回本地主机
9.客户句柄由内核接收消息
10.客户接收句柄返回的数据

Go语言提供对RPC的支持：HTTP、TCP、JSPNRPC,但是在Go中RPC是独一无二的，它采用了GoLang Gob 编码 ,只能支持Go语言！

GoLang Gob:是Golang包自带的一个数据结构序列化的编码/解码工具。编码使用Encoder，解码使用Decoder。一种典型的应用场景就是RPC(remote procedure calls)。

HTTP RPC Demo

服务端的代码

Go RPC 的函数只有符合四个条件才能够被远程访问，不然会被忽略
函数必须是首字母大写（可以导出的）
必须有两个导出类型的参数
第一个参数是接受的参数，第二个参数是返回给客户端的参数，而且第二个参数是指针的类型
函数还要有一个返回值error

T、T1和T2类型必须能被encoding/gob包编解码。
客户端的代码

运行的结果图

go run GoRPCWeb8.go 127.0.0.1:1234 20 3
go run 运行的命令
GoRPCWeb8.go ：这是文件的名称，需要到指定的目录下启动cmd
127.0.0.1:1234 ： ip地址和端口号
20 3 这是客服端传入的值：一个除数，一个被除数，传入到服务器做乘法运算乘法: 20*3=60和除法取整数: 20/3=6 余数 2,怎么做的，客户端不关心，给到服务端去完成
os.Args[0]=[C:Userswin7AppDataLocalTempgo-build011170718command- line-arguments_objexeGoRPCWeb8.exe 127.0.0.1:1234 20 3]

TCP RPC Demo

基于TCP协议实现的RPC，服务端的代码

运行结果图

结果图

E:new_codeGoDemoweb_server>go run GoTCPRPCWeb10.go 127.0.0.1:1234 20 1
客户端 其他端 去调用的地方 对应的例子是 GoTCPRPC9.go
长度必须等于4,因为呢，你输入的肯定是一个ip的地址ip= 127.0.0.1:1234 嘿嘿,加上后面
的被除数os.Args[2]= 20 和除数os.Args[3]= 1
我进行正常结果如下
Num : 20*1=20
Num: 20/1=0 余数 0
E:new_codeGoDemoweb_server>go run GoTCPRPCWeb10.go 127.0.0.1:1234 20 2
客户端 其他端 去调用的地方 对应的例子是 GoTCPRPC9.go
长度必须等于4,因为呢，你输入的肯定是一个ip的地址ip= 127.0.0.1:1234 嘿嘿,加上后面
的被除数os.Args[2]= 20 和除数os.Args[3]= 2
我进行正常结果如下
Num : 20*2=40
Num: 20/2=0 余数 0
E:new_codeGoDemoweb_server>go run GoTCPRPCWeb10.go 127.0.0.1:1234 20 3
客户端 其他端 去调用的地方 对应的例子是 GoTCPRPC9.go
长度必须等于4,因为呢，你输入的肯定是一个ip的地址ip= 127.0.0.1:1234 嘿嘿,加上后面
的被除数os.Args[2]= 20 和除数os.Args[3]= 3
我进行正常结果如下
Num : 20*3=60
Num: 20/3=0 余数 2

在定义BDemo 的时候，如果定义的DD, CC int和服务端不一样，就会报错 reading body gob: type mismatch: no fields matched compiling decoder for ,其实发现好多种情况，也会出现这种错误，但是目前不知道为啥会这样，后续，等源码深入一点，回来看这个问题 todo2018/07/19
这种TCP方式和上面的HTTP不同的是
HTTP:指定的网络地址连接到HTTP RPC服务器

 //DelayHTTP在指定的网络地址连接到HTTP RPC服务器
 ///在默认HTTP RPC路径上监听。
 client, err := rpc.DialHTTP("tcp", serverAddress)

TCP:指定的网络地址连接到HTTP RPC服务器

 client,err:=rpc.Dial("tcp",service)

JSON RPC

JSON RPC是数据编码采用了JSON，而不是gob编码，其他和上面介绍的RPC概念一模一样的。
服务端的代码如下

package main
import (
 "fmt"
 "net/rpc"
 "net"
 "net/rpc/jsonrpc"
)
//使用Go提供的json-rpc 标准包
func init() {
 fmt.Println("JSON RPC 采用了JSON，而不是 gob编码，和RPC概念一模一样，")
}
type Work struct {
 Who,DoWhat string
}
type DemoM string
func (m *DemoM) DoWork(w *Work,whoT *string) error {
 *whoT="是谁："+w.Who+"，在做什么---"+w.DoWhat
 return nil
}
func main() {
 str:=new(DemoM)
 rpc.Register(str)
 tcpAddr,err:=net.ResolveTCPAddr("tcp",":8080")
 if err!=nil{
 fmt.Println("大哥发生错误了啊，请看错误 ResolveTCPAddr err=",err)
 }
 listener,err:=net.ListenTCP("tcp",tcpAddr)
 if err!=nil {
 fmt.Println("发生错误了--》err=",err)
 }
 for {
 conn,err:= listener.Accept()
 if err!=nil {
 continue
 }
 jsonrpc.ServeConn(conn)
 }
}

客户端的代码

运行的结果如下

运行结果

E:new_codeGoDemoweb_server>go run GoJSONRPCWeb11.go 127.0.0.1:8080 shiming g
ongzuo
这是客户端，用来启动，通过命令行来启动
客户端 其他端 去调用的地方 对应的例子是 GoTCPRPC9.go
长度必须等于4,因为呢，你输入的肯定是一个ip的地址ip= 127.0.0.1:8080 嘿嘿,加上后面
的被除数os.Args[2]= shiming 和除数os.Args[3]= gongzuo
收到信息了 是谁：shiming，在做什么---gongzuo
E:new_codeGoDemoweb_server>go run GoJSONRPCWeb11.go 127.0.0.1:8080 shiming q
iaodaima
这是客户端，用来启动，通过命令行来启动
客户端 其他端 去调用的地方 对应的例子是 GoTCPRPC9.go
长度必须等于4,因为呢，你输入的肯定是一个ip的地址ip= 127.0.0.1:8080 嘿嘿,加上后面
的被除数os.Args[2]= shiming 和除数os.Args[3]= qiaodaima
收到信息了 是谁：shiming，在做什么---qiaodaima

os.Args是一个数组 var Args []string,通过输入获取到，然后把这个客户端输入的内容传送到服务端，服务端做些操作，然后在返回给客户端
Go已经提供了RPC良好的支持，通过HTTP TCP JSONRPC的实现，可以很方便开发分布式的Web应用，但是我目前还不会，在学习中。遗憾的是Go没有提供SOAP RPC的支持~~~

27条评论

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Smovara说道：
2022年10月30日下午7:28
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Estancy说道：
2022年11月6日上午12:30
MГјller for his support with the statistical plan and study design
emosisY说道：
2022年11月12日上午4:55
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Endearf说道：
2022年11月15日上午12:22
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wrarberty说道：
2022年11月15日上午11:47
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Infoftrer说道：
2022年11月19日下午5:44
I am presently starting my second round of 5 years on Tamoxifen
JerPoonry说道：
2022年11月22日下午8:01
Sequence Alignment of RORО±, TRОІ, and Rev erbAО± Identical amino acids are boxed, whereas similar amino acids are shaded AG Lipman How smoking interferes with drug therapy Mod Med 8 141 142, 1985 Google Scholar 64
Graddyler说道：
2022年12月7日下午3:27
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2022年12月12日下午2:18
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2023年1月26日上午4:42
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Go语言实现RPC

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